Modeling Investigation of Thermal Circulations of a Large and Shallow Subtropical Lake

Lake Taihu, a typical shallow lake in eastern China, was selected for study in this paper. Methods: Considering that the accurate parameterization scheme is the key to a lake breeze simulation, then based on Lake Taihu's characteristics, the setting of parameters of the lakes' scheme was adjusted in the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) lake model. Results: By comparing the observed values of the mesoscale flux platform of Lake Taihu from June to August 2012, the results showed that the model significantly improved the simulation. The root-mean-square error of the simulated and observed comparison of the latent heat fluxes over the lake improved from 42.77 to 89.00. The adjusted WRF-Lake model better presents the characteristics of Lake Taihu's lake wind. The different lake depth cases showed that the maximum difference in surface temperature between the shallow lake case and the deep lake case reached 9.9 degrees C, and the average was about 3 degrees C. Conclusion: Compared with the deep lake case, the shallow lake case stimulated less lake breeze circulation with a shorter time and smaller range in the horizontal and vertical directions. The lake breeze frequency, simulated by the shallow lake case, was 18.5%, while for the deep lake case, it reached 38%. These simulations of lake breeze contribute to understanding the influence of a lake's depth on lake breeze characteristics and the accurate parameterization scheme of the inland shallow lakes.