Acupuncture for Regulating Blood Pressure of Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background:Blood pressure (BP) after a stroke is affected by autonomic regulation, the Cushing reaction, and basal history of hypertensive, arteriosclerotic conditions. To prevent recurrent stroke attack and its complications, BP must be regulated to within the normal range through monitoring, rest, and medication. Previous studies have reported that acupuncture may be effective in lowering BP in patients with hypertension. Objectives:This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of acupuncture in regulating BP in stroke patients, including both cerebral infarction and hemorrhage. Methods:A review was conducted of articles published in English, Korean, Chinese, and Japanese across 16 electronic databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Resister of Controlled Trials, AMED, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CiNii, and seven Korean databases) up to April 2020. Only randomized controlled trials that evaluated the efficacy of acupuncture for stroke patients were included and meta-analyzed, and BP data and risk of bias were extracted by scanning the full texts. Data analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3. Results:From the 16 electronic databases, 7623 relevant articles were identified, and 847 stroke patients of 10 trials met the inclusion criteria. Two trials reported that BP was lowered more in the group who had received acupuncture treatment than the group who were treated with conventional medication. Two trials reported that BP was lowered after auricular acupuncture treatment more than those observed in the group receiving conventional medical treatment. Six trials reported that BP in cerebral infarction patients was lower than in the control group. None of the trials reported any adverse events. Conclusions:It was concluded that acupuncture may be a suitable treatment option for regulating BP after stroke. However, the trials are not free from bias. Further reviews would yield positive results if well-designed trials are conducted.