Micropropagation of wild grapevines (Vitis spp.) of Central Mexico

Two accessions of wild grapevines (Vitis spp.) native to Puebla State, Nealtican and Teziutlan, and other two native to Temascaltepec (1 and 2), Mexico State, were cultured in vitro using both Murashige-Skoog (MS) and woody plant medium (WPM) mediums. There were no differences between mediums for shoot generation. However, differences were shown among accessions for explant vigour, callus development, number of roots, leaves and nodes per explant. Rooting was, evaluated only in MS medium by adding naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole butyric acid (IBA) or indole acetic acid (IAA) at 0.5 mg/L. With the exception of Temascaltepec 2, NAA generated the highest number of roots in the other three accessions; and they performed similarly. On the other hand, IBA and IAA generated the largest main roots. For secondary roots, the auxins affected differentially each accession; whereas in Nealtican there were no effect for the auxins added, NAA generated more secondary roots in Temascaltepec 1; NAA. or IBA had the best effect in Teziutlan, and Temascaltepec 2 did not present this type of roots. Our results suggest that the genotype determine, at least in part, the development of Mexican wild grapevine plantlets generated in vitro.