Predictive value of traditional risk factors in the assessment of premature coronary artery disease

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess frequency, risk factors of young patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods: Medical recordings of 21514 patients who underwent coronary angiography were screened for this study between January 2000 and March 2016. Patients older than 45 years old and severe valvular disease were excluded study. A total 862 patients included study. Major risk factors for CAD were identified. Results: Out of total 862 patients studied, 595 had CAD and 267 had normal coronary arteries (NCA). The young CAD group had a significantly higher proportion of males (94.1 vs. 58.8%) and smokers (78 vs. 45%) than age-matched control patients with NCA. In patients with CAD, the rate of obesity was higher in female group than males (41 vs. 14 %) while the smoking rate was higher than female group (80 vs. 44 %). According to multivariate analysis male sex [Odds ratio (OR) = 7.3, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 4.6- 11.4] and smoking (OR= 2.3, 95% CI 1.63.2) were found to be independent predictors of CAD. Conclusion: We have shown that smoking was the most important risk factor in young adults.