Recent Research Progress of Anode Materials for Potassium-ion Batteries

The next-generation smart grid for the storage and delivery of renewable energy urgently needs to develop a low-cost and rechargeable energy storage technology beyond lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Owing to the abundance of potassium (K) resources and the similar electrochemical performance to that of LIBs, potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have been attracted considerable interest in recent years, and significant progress has been achieved concerning the discovery of high-performance electrode materials for PIBs. This review especially summarizes the latest research progress regarding anode materials for PIBs, including carbon materials, organic materials, alloys, metal-based compounds, and other new types of compounds. The reversible K-ion storage principle and the electrochemical performance (i.e., capacity, potential, rate capability, and cyclability) of these developed anode materials are summarized. Furthermore, the challenges and the corresponding effective strategies to enhance the battery performance of the anode materials are highlighted. Finally, prospects of the future development of high-performance anode materials for PIBs are discussed.