Hepatoprotective Activities of Polysaccharide From the Fruit of Ribes odoratum Wendl. on High-Fat-Sucrose Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

To investigate the hepatoprotective activities of a polysaccharide extracted from the fruit of Ribes odoratum Wendl. (ROWFP) in a mouse model of high-fat-sucrose diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The NAFLD model was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them an HID for 12 weeks. The mice were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: control group, HFD group, 10-mg/kg ROWFP group, 100-mg/kg ROWFP group, and 200-mg/kg ROWFP group. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the serum were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The liver ultrastructure was observed via optical microscopy. The oil red O-stained lipid droplets of the fresh liver samples were analyzed, and the lipid content was semiquantified. CD68 expression in the liver tissue and serum levels of the inflammatory factors (interleukin [IL]-1 beta, 1L-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]) were measured to reflect the inflammation status. The degree of liver fibrosis was determined by sirius red staining. When compared with the control group, the levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CD68 in the HID group were increased, while the HDL level was decreased. Severe liver damage, lipid accumulation, and liver fibrosis were also observed in the HID model group. When compared with the model group, ROWFP treatment (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the HID-induced hepatic damage. This study supports the hepatoprotective effect of ROWFP against HFD-induced NAFLD.