Integration urban land use planning with transportation planning: an evaluation toward sustainable transportation for the holy city of Karbala

The integrated planning of urban land use and transport systems addresses the development of strategies to increase economic efficiency, reduce excessive use of resources, improve social aspects. The research aims to assess the integration of urban land uses with the transportation system in Karbala, which achieves sustainability. Through two world strategies, the first is planning the land uses to achieve the reliance on walking and bicycle use. It was evaluated through the zone of influence of service (Zone of influence we can define :the area that benefits from a specific service with a specified distance), the index adopted by the Ministry of Housing for the year 2018. Second is integration of land uses with public transport, identification of public transport routes, type of media used and identification of residential areas served by the network, to identify areas not serviced by the public transport network. The GIS program was used for these uses and analyzes by buffer zone were conducted for the spatial location of the services and the calculation of their zone of influence of service. Main conclusions are: The weak implementation of integration strategies between urban land use and the transportation system has led to poor sustainability in the city of Karbala. existence of large areas of residential neighborhoods outside the zone of influence of the land use in city of Karbala. The main recommendation are: adopting the zone of influence of land use when planning the city, for the purpose of achieving the integration of road network, which leads to sustainability in future cities. Emphasis on public transport strategy, and to identify the routs of residential neighborhoods in the north-west and south-east of Karbala.