Effect of media composition on bioavailability and toxicity of silver and silver nanoparticles in fish intestinal cells (RTgutGC)

被引:45
|
作者
Minghetti, Matteo [1 ,2 ]
Schirmer, Kristin [1 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Eawag, Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland
[2] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA
[3] EPF Lausanne, Sch Architecture Civil & Environm Engn, Lausanne, Switzerland
[4] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Zurich, Switzerland
关键词
Lysosome integrity; metallothinein; high and low chloride; rainbow trout; WATER RAINBOW-TROUT; DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; AQUEOUS EXPOSURE; GILL; COPPER; LINE; TRANSPORT; SALINITY; METALS; MODEL;
D O I
10.1080/17435390.2016.1241908
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
To understand conditions affecting bioavailability and toxicity of citrate-coated silver nanoparticles (cit-AgNP) and dissolved silver at the luminal enterocyte interface, we exposed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gut cells (RTgutGC) in media of contrasting composition: two amino acid-containing media, one of which was supplemented with proteins, as can be expected during digestion; and two protein and amino acid-free media contrasting low and high chloride content, as can be expected in the lumen of fish adapting to freshwater or seawater, respectively. Dose-response curves were generated measuring cell metabolic activity, membrane and lysosome integrity over a period of 72hours. Then, nontoxic doses were applied and total silver accumulation, metallothionein and glutathione reductase mRNA levels were determined. The presence of proteins stabilized cit-AgNP keeping them in suspension. Conversely, in protein-free media, cit-AgNP agglomerated and settled, resulting in higher cellular accumulation of silver and toxicity. Chloride concentrations in exposure media modulated the toxicity of AgNO3 but not of cit-AgNP. Moreover, while amino acid-containing media are protective against AgNO3, likely due to the formation of thiolate complexes, they are only partially protective against cit-AgNP. Viability assays indicated that lysosomes are targets of cit-AgNP, supporting the hypothesis that cit-AgNP exert toxicity intracellularly. Metallothionein, a sensor of metal bioavailability, was induced by cit-AgNP in high chloride medium but not in low chloride medium, indicating that chloride might have a role in mobilizing silver from intercellular vesicles. Overall, this study shows that AgNP bioavailability and toxicity in the intestine is linked to its luminal content.
引用
收藏
页码:1526 / 1534
页数:9
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