Cryoablation of atrial fibrillation

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects 1-2% of the population, and its prevalence is estimated to at least double in the next 50 years as the population ages. Areas of agreement: AF results in impaired quality of life and even increased mortality. Drugs frequently fail to stabilize sinus rhythm. Areas of controversy: Catheter ablation is a valuable treatment alternative, even as a first-line therapy in selected cases. However, catheter ablation of AF is challenging, even for experienced operators. Growing points: Simplification of catheter ablation of AF is essential to decrease the threshold for treatment, broaden the access to the therapy and contribute to further reduction of the disease burden. Single-shot devices, that are easy to navigate in the heart, are an essential element in efforts to reach this goal. Areas timely for developing research: Cryoenergy is an excellent energy source to combine with a single-shot device, resulting in an excellent safety profile and good clinical results while maintaining its ease of use.