As well as posing a challenge to the management methods and means of local governments, the rapid development of regional economy and trade has presented an opportunity of reform. In China, Yunnan borders on many countries including Vietnam, Laos, and Burma. Thus, it is an important gateway for China to carry out regional economic and trade cooperation with Southeast Asia and South Asia. This paper, typically exemplified by the Export Credit Insurance Policy in Yunnan, analyzes and explains local governments' challenges and solutions in regional economic cooperation and competition.