Scanning Emitter TMA by Two Fixed Observers using Time of Interception

The target motion analysis (TMA) for a moving scanning emitter with known fixed scan rate by two fixed passive observers using the time of interception (TOI) measurements only is investigated in this paper. By transforming the TOI model into the direction difference of arrival (DDOA) model, an instrumental variable (IV) estimator is proposed to solve the scanning emitter tracking problem. It is a closed-form solution with no initial guess required. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm can provide estimation accuracy very close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) with significantly lower estimation bias at moderate noise levels compared to the conventional pseudo-linear least square (PLS) estimator.