Hydrocele on the web: An evaluation of Internet-based information

Objective. To evaluate the quality of health-based information available to patients and their parents on the Internet regarding hydrocele, a common paediatric condition, an Internet search was performed and a questionnaire distributed. Material and methods. The top 100 websites from the five most accessed search engines were reviewed by entering the term "Hydrocele" into each search engine. Website authorship was determined by close examination of each website. Websites were assessed for accuracy and validity according to the Health On the Net Foundation Code (HONcode), DISCERN score and JAMA benchmark criteria, recognized scoring systems. A voluntary written questionnaire was distributed to parents of patients on two consecutive days outside a paediatric clinic. Results. After duplicate and inaccessible sites had been excluded, 37 unique websites were identified: 11 were academic, eight were produced by physicians not affiliated with an academic institution, three were commercial, four were attached to discussion groups or social media sites, four were media related and seven were unspecified. There was a significant difference between the academic and the physician-related sites compared with the other categories, with academic and physician sites scoring highest on the recognized scoring systems (p = 0.0001). It was found that 56.7% of patients accessed the Internet regarding their condition and 33% believed this information to be accurate. Conclusion. The quality of health-related information overall is of a poor quality. Academic and physician-provided websites were shown to contain better quality information. Clinicians have a potential role not only to direct patients to appropriate sites, but also to help to develop content on the Internet.