Power Quality in a Smart Grid Distribution System Using Automatic OLTC

A smart grid is an evolved grid system that manages electricity demand in a sustainable, reliable and economic manner, built on advanced infrastructure and tuned to facilitate the integration of all involved. The smart grid is the future for electrical systems. To maintain the voltage throughout the day, the variation of load is the main criteria. It is more in the peak hours, medium in the rest of the hours and less in the midnight to early morning. This variation is due to the industrial and residential load patterns. This paper mainly focused on distribution of quality of power. The main criteria required for all the devices are the rated voltage. It plays vital role in power quality. In this paper, it is planned to provide a transformer with multiple taps and selecting the taps required for the moment will be automatically selected by the on-load tap changeover system which is operated by the controller. Here, voltage transducers are used to sense the change in voltages, ADC will convert the analog signals into digital signals. These digital signals are interfaced with computer which in turn operates the on-load tap changers. Suitable taps are selected and its driver relays are operated by the computer through optocoupler and switching transistors. In this paper a computer acts as a controller with the aid of the C software.