Optimal Charging Framework for Electric Vehicles on the Wireless Charging Highway

Range anxiety has been a big concern for electric vehicles (EVs) on the road. Moreover, it is inconvenient for EVs to spend a long time charging while driving on the highway. Wireless charging represent a potential breakthrough to alleviate the range anxiety and provides convenient service to EVs. Since the capacity for charging EVs on the highway is limited, it is crucial to control the EVs properly in order to avoid congestion and to provide good quality of service (QoS). On one hand, based on the physical motion of an EV, the velocity is a main factor for the EV's energy consumption while driving. The high velocity causes a larger energy consumption, which results in a longer charging duration. And each time an EV charges its battery, it incurs some battery degradation cost. On the another hand, the vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication on the highway is necessary to provide the communication among EVs and the control center. In this paper, while being aware of V2I communication, we propose an optimal revenue framework for the wireless charging highway, which takes into account the physical motion of EVs and internal battery characteristics. Considering the possibly reneging behavior of EVs, the system is modeled as a M/M/S loss system. We evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Our numerical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the system performance and the QoS provided to the customers.