Method for Retrieval of the Three-Dimensional Object Potential by Inversion of Dynamical Electron Scattering

Dynamical scattering of fast electrons can be inverted by recasting the multislice algorithm as an artificial neural network, enabling the iterative retrieval of the three-dimensional object potential. This allows a nonheuristic treatment of the modulation transfer function of the CCD, partial spatial and temporal coherence, and inelastic scattering through an absorptive potential. Furthermore, prior knowledge about the atomic potential shape and the sparseness and positivity of the object can be used. The method is demonstrated on simulated bright field images recorded at 40 kV.