Substitution of Small Dam System in Water Conservancy Construction

In water conservancy construction, large-scale dams in disrepair, need to be removed, engineers began to study with a small dam system to replace large dam construction. In this paper, the Kaliba dam is taken as an example to discuss the selection of the number of small dam systems. we use multi-objective decision-making model. Firstly we have selected 14 indicators to assess the dam's water management in four aspects: power generation, water storage, flood control and ecology. Then we divide the number of dams into ten groups. Combined with the hydrological data of the Zambezi River over the years, we use the principal component analysis method to calculate the comprehensive score of these ten programs. At last, we find the score is the maximum when the number of dams system is 16. The study method of our establishing model can be applied in other area relativeto architectural engineering, such as urban and rural planning.