Incidence, predictors, causes, and costs of 30-day readmission after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the United States

Background: Readmissions after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ICPR) are common and contribute to increased health care utilization and costs. This study aimed to estimate the burden and patterns of 30-day readmission after ICPR from the US Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD). Methods: Using International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision-Clinical Modification codes, patients who underwent ICPR in the 2014 NRD were included. The incidence, predictors, causes, and costs of 30-day readmission were analyzed with discharge weights to obtain national estimates. Results: Among the 27,278 index admissions that survived to hospital discharge after ICPR, 5439 (20.0%) were readmitted within 30 days. Length of stay (LOS) >= 11 days during index hospitalization, chronic pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, renal failure, discharge from the teaching metropolitan hospital, Medicare insurance, depression, and diabetes were independent predictors of 30-day readmission. The most common causes of readmission among the 5439 cases were sepsis (13.7%), heart failure (10.9%), and respiratory failure (6.4%). The estimated median costs of readmission were $ 10,498 (interquartile range, $ 5797-21,364), which accounted for 25.7% of the total episodes of care (index + readmission). The median LOS of readmission was 5 (3-9) days. Conclusions: Thirty-day readmissions after ICPR were associated with patient comorbidities and significant cost burden. Recognition of these predictors and individualization of care would allow for the provision of appropriate interventions, and reduce readmissions and healthcare costs.