Determination of Essential, Non-Essential, and Potentially Toxic Elements in Graviola (Annona muricata L.) Pulp by ICP OES and GF AAS

The determination of essential (B, Ca, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, P, S, Se, Si, V, and Zn), non-essential (Al, Ba, Sn, Sr, and Ti), and potentially toxic (As, Cd, and Pb) elements in graviola pulp by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS) is proposed. Samples were digested in a closed-vessel microwave oven. The accuracy of the proposed method was checked by citrus leaves standard reference analysis. Limits of quantification (LOQ) were in the range of 0.039 mu g g(-1) (Ti) to 22 mu g g(-1) (K) for ICP OES and 0.011 mu g g(-1) (Cd) to 0.62 mu g g(-)1 (Se) for GF AAS. According to the recommended dietary reference intake (DRI), graviola pulp can be considered a good source of B, Cu, K, Mg, and Mn. For all analysed samples the concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb were below the LOQ.