Association Between Diabetic Dyslipidemia and Thyroid Dysfunction in Najran Region of Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are significant health problems worldwide. They affect each other, and clinicians must be aware of the association between diabetic dyslipidemia and thyroid dysfunction to provide effective treatment and sound management for both. This study investigates the prevalence of thyroid disorder and its association with glycated hemoglobin and lipid profile in Najran city of Saudi Arabia. In this investigation, 2,741 (1,610 females and 1,131 males) laboratory findings of the commercial laboratories were screened over 2 years in Najran city of Saudi Arabia. The thyroid dysfunction associated with diabetes and dyslipidemia was a common laboratory finding, with a prevalence of 12.1% primary hypothyroidism, 34.5% subclinical hypothyroidism, 8.6% primary hyperthyroidism, and 4.2% subclinical hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism, primary hyperthyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism was considerably higher in females (P < 0.05). The overall prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes was 19.9% and 26%, respectively. The biochemical investigation of the study population showed that the prediabetic and diabetic group of the people with thyroid dysfunction had a significantly high prevalence (P < 0.05) of total cholesterol low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides than the nondiabetic subject in the euthyroid group. However, the nondiabetic study subject had a significantly higher serum high-density lipoprotein.