Impact of maternal serum levels of Visfatin, AFP, PAPP-A, sFlt-1 and PlGF at 11-13 weeks gestation on small for gestational age births

Objective: Investigating potential value of maternal serum Visfatin, sFlt-1, PlGF, AFP, PAPP-A levels at first trimester for prediction of small for gestational age (SGA) at birth. Methods: Measurements were performed in 20 SGA and 65 control cases. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and weeks of pregnancy at data collection was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and p values separately for each potential predictor. A multiple regression model was used to assess the impact of all the promising predictors adjusted for each other. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to indicate the ability to discriminate between SGA cases and controls. Results: There was an association of serum PlGF levels (OR 0.53 per interquartile range [IQR] increase in PlGF; 95% CI 0.24-1.16), sFlt-1/PlGF ratio (OR 1.42 per IQR increase in sFlt-1/PlGF; 95% CI 1.03-1.96), serum Visfatin levels (OR 0.31 per IQR increase in Visfatin; 95% CI 0.10-0.95) and smoking (OR 4.24; 95% CI 1.10-16.37) with SGA at birth. Conclusions: Associations between SGA and lower PlGF, Visfatin levels as well as increased sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and smoking status were detected which may contribute to predict SGA.