Universal magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and small-scale dynamo

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is common in many space physics and astrophysics environments. A well-conductive fluid amplifies initial magnetic fields in a process called small-scale dynamo. Below the equipartition scale for kinetic and magnetic energies, the spectrum is steep (Kolmogorov -5/3) and is represented by critically balanced strong MHD turbulence. In this paper, we report the basic reasoning behind the universal nonlinear small-scale dynamo and the inertial range of MHD turbulence. We measured the efficiency of the small-scale dynamo C-E = 0.05, the Kolmogorov constant C-K = 4.2 and the anisotropy constant C-A = 0.34 for MHD turbulence in high-resolution direct numerical simulations.