Comparative Analysis of Legal Regulation of Industrial Use of Genetic-Engineering-Modified Microorganisms in the United States, European Union, and Russian Federation

This article provides a comparative analysis of the principles of legal regulation and the practice of using mechanisms for assessing potential risk when introducing genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) into production in the Russian Federation and developed countries, such as the United States and countries in the European Union. It is shown how these rules affect the pace of development of biotechnology in these regions. The principles of assigning a qualified safety status to strains are discussed. The possibility of using the most successful provisions of these rules to improve the legislative framework related to the use of GMMs in the industry of the Russian Federation is being considered.