Retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case report of spontaneous resolution

Aim: The purpose of this case report is to document an occurrence of spontaneous resolution of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and to review the investigation and management of this unusual condition. Materials and methods: A detailed case summary of a patient with retroperitoneal fibrosis is presented. Current citations in Index medicus from the English-speaking literature of relevance to the topic were reviewed. Conclusions: In this patient who refused open surgical intervention, bilateral stent placement allowed stabilization of renal function. CT-guided biopsy did not reveal malignancy. Serial CT imaging demonstrated gradual disappearance of the retroperitoneal mass. From the literature review, spontaneous resolution of this condition appears to be a rare phenomenon. Although often utilized, CT-guided biopsy may fail to exclude the presence of malignancy. Open surgical biopsy of the retroperitoneal mass and ureterolysis remain the standard of care for operative candidates. Establishing renal drainage and considering a trial of steroids or surveillance may be an option in carefully selected individuals.