Correlation of serum vitamin D levels with ovarian reserve markers in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency

The cause of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is unknown for many women. Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D plays an important role in reproduction, but there have been few studies to investigate possible correlation between serum vitamin D levels and ovarian reserve markers in patients with POI. In this study, 33 women with POI and 72 women with normal menstrual cycles were recruited. Serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D and total cholesterol (TC) were measured. Correlations of 25(OH) D with AMH and FSH levels were assessed using regression models. There was a statistically significant difference in 25(OH) D levels between the POI group and the control group. The 25(OH) D levels were inversely correlated with log-transformed FSH and positively correlated with log-transformed AMH. However, no statistical significance was found. The results show low levels of vitamin D may contribute to decreased ovarian reserve. Additional nationwide studies should be conducted to clarify whether appropriate vitamin D levels reduce the risk of developing POI.