Clinical results after treatment for bidirectional patellar subluxation: Minimum 2-years follow-up

Background: We describe the preliminary clinical results of a patellar stabilization technique to treat bidirectional patellar subluxation (BPS). Methods: Patients: six patients (one male, five females; mean age 30.2 years) underwent this procedure with a minimum of 24 months follow-up. Patients were assessed for clinical instability, patellar complications, and need for revision surgery. Patient functional outcomes were evaluated using the criteria of Crosby and Insall and the Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale at the time of final follow-up. Patient satisfaction was assessed using a subjective questionnaire. Operative technique: A semitendinosus tendon autograft is coursed through a transverse tunnel in the distal quadriceps tendon. The medial and lateral aspects of the graft are passed from the quadriceps tendon within subfascial tunnels to the MPFL attachment site and lateral epicondyle, respectively. The graft is fixed in 60 of knee flexion with suture anchors. Results: Surgery for recurrent instability was performed in one case. There were no cases of infection, quadriceps tendon rupture, or patella fracture. At average follow-up of 29.2 months (range, 24 to 38 months), outcomes were good to excellent in 4/6 of cases. Kujala scores improved significantly from 33.3 (range, three to 58) preoperatively to 70.8 (range, 39 to 96) postoperatively (p < 0.05). 5/6 patients reported being satisfied to completely satisfied with their result. Conclusion: Patients undergoing bidirectional patellar stabilization with a single tendon graft showed improved postoperative functional scores. The technique is successful in reducing pain and restoring bidirectional patellar stability at 2-years follow-up. Level of Evidence: IV, retrospective case series. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.