What We're Not Talking about When We Talk about Addiction

被引:18
|
作者
Pickard, Hanna [1 ]
机构
[1] Johns Hopkins Univ, Philosophy & Bioeth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
关键词
addiction; disease; choice; compulsion; moralism; value; BRAIN DISEASE; COCAINE; SENSITIZATION; ALCOHOL; HISTORY; MARKER;
D O I
10.1002/hast.1172
中图分类号
B82 [伦理学(道德学)];
学科分类号
摘要
The landscape of addiction is dominated by two rival models: a moral model and a model that characterizes addiction as a neurobiological disease of compulsion. Against both, I offer a scientifically and clinically informed alternative. Addiction is a highly heterogenous condition that is ill-characterized as involving compulsive use. On the whole, drug consumption in addiction remains goal directed: people take drugs because drugs have tremendous value. This view has potential implications for the claim that addiction is, in all cases, a brain disease. But more importantly, it has implications for clinical and policy interventions. To help someone overcome addiction, you need to understand and address why they persist in using drugs despite negative consequences. If they are not compelled, then the explanation must advert to the value of drugs for them as an individual. What blocks us from acknowledging this reality is not science but fear: that it will ignite moralism about drugs and condemnation of drug users. The solution is not to cleave to the concept of compulsion but to fight moralism directly.
引用
收藏
页码:37 / 46
页数:10
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