High resolution SAR image simulation for buildings based on ray tracing algorithm

In this paper, a simulation method is introduced to generate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image based on ray tracing algorithm. 3D models of buildings, which are triangulated and described with vectors, are introduced into the simulator and then the simulated images can be generated under different viewing configuration. The simulation consists of three steps -modeling of the scene, tracing and generation of high resolution SAR images. 3D models of man-made objects are illuminated by a virtual antenna whose signal is simplified by rays sent to the objects and back to the sensor. Then the intensity map of rays is gridded into the SAR images. In the end, two buildings, one with a plane roof and the other with a gable roof, are imported into the simulator under different viewing configuration. The effects of layover, shadow and double bounce are simulated correctly in geometrically. So the simulator can be used for some interpret complex SAR images which are composed of buildings.