Field Study of Growth and Calcification Rates of Three Species of Articulated Coralline Algae in British Columbia, Canada

Ocean acidification caused by rising atmospheric CO2 is predicted to negatively impact growth and calcification rates of coralline algae. Decreases in coralline abundance may have cascading effects on marine ecosystems and on carbon sequestration worldwide. In this study, we measured growth and calcification rates of three common species of articulated coralline algae (Bossiella plumosa, Calliarthron tuberculosum, and Corallina vancouveriensis) at an intertidal field site in British Columbia. Linear growth rates measured in the field were slow, although Bossiella grew significantly faster (0.22 cm mon(-1)) than Calliarthron and Corallina (0.17 and 0.15 cm mon(-1), respectively). Growth rates in the field were generally slower than growth rates in the laboratory, suggesting that data generated in the laboratory may not be representative of natural field conditions. Growth rates did not decrease as fronds approached their maximum observed size, suggesting that maximum frond size might be determined not by intrinsic factors but by external factors such as wave-induced drag forces. Using growth data, we estimate that the largest observed Bossiella frond (20 cm(2)) and Calliarthron frond (40 cm(2)) were about 4- and 11-years-old, respectively, and had deposited approximately 1 and 6 g CaCO3 in that time. Given the great abundance of coralline algae along the coast of British Columbia, deposition rates of CaCO3 are expected to play a significant but poorly characterized role in carbon sequestration.