A new method to estimate the speed of internal solitary waves based on a single optical remote sensing image

It is imperative to estimate the energy of internal solitary waves (ISWs) in the real ocean. The energy of ISW is related to speed and amplitude. It is a problem to obtain the propagation speed of ISW from a single optical remote sensing image. Generally, the nonlinear phase speed (NPS) of ISW can be regarded as the propagation speed of ISW. This paper proposes a new inversion approach for NPS of ISW based on an optical remote sensing image. The simulation platform of optical remote sensing was used to conduct the ISW experiment in the laboratory, and the data were obtained by a series of experiments. Three NPS inversion models of ISW are investigated by support vector regression (SVR), Random forest (RF) and Deep neural network (DNN) based on a single optical remote sensing image. The accuracy of the inversion models was verified by the in-situ data of GF-1 satellite images, GF-4 satellite images and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. In the verification results, the SVR inversion model has high accuracy in different sea areas and water depths. The RF and DNN inversion models both have high inversion accuracy in the water depth range of 93-299 m in the South China Sea. Compared with the other two traditional methods for calculating ISW NPS, the SVR inversion model still has the highest accuracy. The results showed that the NPS models of ISW are suitable and effective.