Policy-related implementational fluidity in subsistence marketplaces

This paper sheds light on policy-related implementational fluidity-a context-dependent adaptation of policies-adopted by policy implementers to address heterogeneous needs of subsistence consumer-merchants (SCMs). In subsistence research, despite the emphasis on bottom-up policymaking, implementational fluidity persists because of institutional and sociocultural factors that hinder policy implementers' from effectively and accurately implementing the policies. To enrich the current bottom-up policy process, this paper shares insights from an ethnographic study of Fijian market traders and marketplace personnel (policy implementers) and shares insights on how implementational fluidity manifests in subsistence marketplaces. Analysis reveals the interplay amongst sociohistorical context, marketplace relational dynamics and policies leading to policy adjustments and re-negotiation by marketplace personnel and perceived injustices amongst the SCMs. The paper provides policy recommendations and practice ideas for subsistence researchers and policy practitioners to examine policy implementation gaps and the role of policy implementers in subsistence marketplaces.