A SPIRITUAL TURN IN PHILOSOPHY: RETHINKING THE GLOBAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CONFUCIAN HUMANISM

An exposition of the core Confucian text, the Analects, is a rich resource for thinking philosophically about aesthetics, ethics, and religion. Indeed, the Analects is an inspiration for doing philosophy as a dialogical, rather than a dialectic, dialogue and an edifying conversation. The four integrated dimensions of Confucian humanism as embodied in Confucius's "anthropocosmic" philosophy encompass the sacredness of earth, body, family, community, and the world. Specifically, the philosophy envisions that the full realization of the way of learning to be human consists of (1) the integration of the body and mind, (2) the fruitful interaction between the individual and society, (3) the sustainable and harmonious relationship between humanity and nature, and (4) the mutual responsiveness between the human hear-mind and the Way of Heaven. Furthermore, it transcends the concepts of rationality in the Enlightenment mentality and provides a philosophy of life rooted in the sensitivity, sympathy, and compassion inherent in human nature. Confucius's "anthropocosmic" philosophy is one of the most profound spiritual legacies in rethinking the human in the twenty-first century.