EVOLUTION OF INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES: FROM INDUSTRIAL PARKS TO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARKS

Nowadays the world economy is on the way to the sixth technological way to which continuous innovative process is peculiar. Each technological period forms a certain set of innovations directed to the sustained economic growth. In the developed countries from 40% to 90% of the growth of the gross domestic product is formed due to high technologies. For Russia, which is in the sphere of political and economic sanctions, one of the main forces in formation of sustainable development there have to be science and technology parks. Their main objective is creation and advance of scientific and technical business. Diversification and new technologies are very important for Russia which is in rather dense technological dependence on a number of foreign countries today. It is on the basis of the retrospective analysis of emergence and development of science and technology parks in country aspect, the qualitative analysis of changes of the comparative characteristic of the technological processes accompanying development of territorial and industrial complexes and creation of the knowledge-intensive competitive production. Having studied the criteria and practice of formation and functional development of territorial and industrial complexes in the developed countries, it is obviously possible to make the conclusion that nowadays Russia has to provide serious breakthrough in the scientific and technical sphere, relying on experience of the developed countries and considering features of the national industry and economy as the scheme "fundamental science - applied science - production" is broken off. (c) 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK