The antifungal pipeline: the need is established. Are there new compounds?

被引:11
|
作者
Li, Dongmei [1 ]
She, Xiaodong [2 ]
Calderone, Richard [1 ]
机构
[1] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, NW 302 Med Dent Bldg,3900 Reservoir Rd NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA
[2] Chinese Acad Med Sci CAMS, Jiangsu Key Lab Mol Biol Skin Dis & STIs, Inst Dermatol, Nanjing 210029, Peoples R China
关键词
antifungals; fungal targets; incidence; alternatives; innovation; synthetics; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; DRUG DISCOVERY; COMPLEX I; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; ANTIBIOTICS; BURDEN; MUTANT; MODEL;
D O I
10.1093/femsyr/foaa023
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Our review summarizes and compares the temporal development (eras) of antifungal drug discovery as well as antibacterial ventures. The innovation gap that occurred in antibacterial discovery from 1960 to 2000 was likely due to tailoring of existing compounds to have better activity than predecessors. Antifungal discovery also faced innovation gaps. The semi-synthetic antibiotic era was followed closely by the resistance era and the heightened need for new compounds and targets. With the immense contribution of comparative genomics, antifungal targets became part of the discovery focus. These targets by definition are absolutely required to be fungal- or even lineage (clade) specific. Importantly, targets need to be essential for growth and/or have important roles in disease and pathogenesis. Two types of antifungals are discussed that are mostly in the FDA phase I-III clinical trials. New antifungals are either modified to increase bioavailability and stability for instance, or are new compounds that inhibit new targets. One of the important developments in incentivizing new antifungal discovery has been the prolific number of publications of global and country-specific incidence. International efforts that champion global antimicrobial drug discovery are discussed. Still, interventions are needed. The current pipeline of antifungals and alternatives to antifungals are discussed including vaccines.
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页数:8
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