Insecticidal activity of Hypnum cupressiforme (Bryophyta) against Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

The moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. is cosmopolitan throughout the world and is one of the most common moss species in Turkey. In the autumn of 2011, moss samples were collected from Sadiman Hill located in Ilgaz Mountain National Park in Turkey. After drying the collected samples at room temperature, the green gametophytes and brownish rhizoid parts of the plant were separated from other contents and ground up before extraction procedure. The contact toxicities of 14 column fractions and 11 flash fractions of H. cupressiforme were evaluated against granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius) adults. The fractions C-10 (70.62%) obtained from column chromatography and F-11 (64.48%) obtained from flash chromatography showed the highest activity. As a result of dose dependent studies carried out on C-10 and F-11, LC50 values were calculated as 44.8 mu g/mu l and 45.3 mu g/mu l, respectively. Two other fractions C-3 (29.9%) and F-2 (32.1%) were determined to have an active substance different from fractions C-10 and F-11. The LC50 values of fractions C-3 and F-2 were determined as 81.3 mu g/mu l and 124.6 mu g/mu l, respectively. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.