Effectiveness of gliadin signal genes of winter-hardiness in the current assortment of winter wheat

The effectiveness of gliadin signal genes of winter-hardiness was tested using the current assortment of winter wheat varieties of domestic and foreign origin. Winter-hardiness of 39 evaluated varieties was determined by provocation test by calculating the degree of winter-hardiness (1 to 9 = most resistant) for each variety (Prasil et al., 1994). Gliadin signal genes were determined by means of vertical starch electrophoresis (Sozinov, Poperelja, 1978) with setting of allelic gliadin blocks from electrophoretic spectra (Sasek, Cerny, 1983). The total point value of prediction of winter-hardiness of main gliadin markers, i.e. allelic blocks GLD 1D5 and GLD 6A3, and accessory markers of winter-hardiness, i.e. allelic blocks GLD 1A1, GLD 1A2 and GLD 6D2, was in highly significant correlation with determined varietal degrees of winter-hardiness (r = 0.52). The results obtained confirm the applicability of gliadin markers of winter-hardiness for breeding of winter wheat varieties with higher resistance to winter freezing injury as well as for evaluation of winter-hardiness of the collection of new lines and varieties.