Manganese protects against the effects of alcohol on hypothalamic puberty-related hormones

Aims: Sincemanganese (Mn) is capable of stimulating the hypothalamic-pituitary unit and advancing female puberty, we assessed the possibility that this elementmight overcome some of the detrimental effects of prepubertal alcohol (ALC) exposure on the hypothalamic control of pituitary function. Main methods: Rats received either saline or Mn (10 mg/kg) daily by gastric gavage from day 12 to day 31. After weaning, all rats were provided Lab Chow diet ad libitum until day 27 when they began receiving either the Bio Serv control or ALC diet regime. On day 31, the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) was collected to assess luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) protein levels. Release of prostaglandin-E-2 (PGE(2)), LHRH and serum luteinizing hormone (LH) were also assessed. Other animals were not terminated on day 31, but remained in study to assess timing of puberty. Key findings: Short-term ALC exposure caused elevated hypothalamic LHRH content, suggesting an inhibition in peptide release, resulting in a decrease in LH. Both actions of ALC were reversed by Mn supplementation. COX2 synthesis, as well as PGE(2) and LHRH release were suppressed by ALC exposure, but Mn supplementation caused an increase in COX2 synthesis and subsequent PGE(2) and LHRH release in the presence of ALC. Mn supplementation also ameliorated the action of ALC to delay puberty. Significance: These results suggest that low level Mn supplementation acts to protect the hypothalamus from some of the detrimental effects of ALC on puberty-related hormones. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.