Fecal Incontinence: A Stepwise Approach to Primary Care Management

Fecal incontinence can adversely affect quality of life, leading to embarrassment and social isolation. It occurs more often in older adults and is a common reason for nursing home referrals. Numerous treatments are available, but most patents self-treat and often do not report their symptoms. Advanced practice nurses providing primary care develop a rapport with the patient, allowing him or her to elicit important infor-mation about this sensitive subject. Interventions are designed to relieve symptoms and decrease inconti-nence episodes, ultimately improving quality of life. Management follows a stepwise approach beginning with conservative methods and newer technologies when indicated. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.