Wetland Environmental Protection and Spatial Distribution of Plant Communities in Arid and Semi-arid Areas of Northwest China

Wetlands are important land resources and natural resources. They have many functions, such as providing water sources, protecting embankments, removing transformed pollutants and providing available resources. They also have scientific research and entertainment value. They are closely related to human survival, reproduction and development. Wetland ecosystems in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China are characterized by biodiversity, ecological vulnerability, high productivity and comprehensive benefits. Taking a wetland park in Northwest China as an object of investigation, this paper investigates its species of animals and plants, and explores the spatial distribution characteristics and evolution law of wetland plant communities. These studies not only accumulated a lot of basic information about the wetland park, but also provided scientific decision-making basis for the protection and management of wetland ecosystem in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China. On this basis, the paper draws a conclusion that in order to protect the wetland environment in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China, it is necessary to do a good job in determining land ownership, eliminating lake-entry pollution and preventing soil and water loss.