[1] Univ Tsukuba, Grad Sch Comprehens Human Sci, Ibaraki, Japan
[2] St Marianna Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
[3] St Marianna Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
[4] CMIC Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
[5] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Hlth & Sport Sci, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058574, Japan
[6] Tokyo Metropolitan Inst Gerontol, Res Team Promoting Independence Elderly, Tokyo, Japan
[7] JCHO Tokyo Takanawa Hosp, Tokyo, Japan