Integrating ridesharing services with automated vehicles into macroscopic travel demand models

As the introduction of fully automated vehicles enhances the attractiveness of carsharing and ridesharing systems, cities and regions may want to examine the effects of this development. This paper presents a framework for how to integrate those services in traditional macroscopic travel demand models, which are commonly used to evaluate the impacts of changed transport supply. Addressed topics are (1) the implementation of direct and intermodal ridesharing into the demand modeling process, presenting two approaches for the latter, (2) the pooling of ridesharing trips and (3) the scheduling of automated and shared vehicles. The first approach for integrating intermodal ridesharing includes ridesharing as an additional transport system, which uses the road network and which is integrated in the timetable-based public transport assignment. The second approach uses direct-link connections between traffic zones and suitable public transport transfer stops for the ridesharing feeder trips instead. Using the second approach, preliminary results of a test scenario for the Stuttgart region are presented.