Upconversion Nanoparticles For Photodynamic Therapy

In order to establish a noninvasive cancer therapy with minimal side effects, low cost, and specific in targeting tumor cells. The team engineered novel and biocompatible Upconversion Nanoparticles (UCNPs) with a calcium fluoride shell alpha-NaYF4:Yb,Er@CaF2 and conjugated with an FDA approved prodrug 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA). In conjunction with photodynamic therapy (PDT), deep tissue penetration was achieved. UCNPs convert near-infrared light into visible light when excited at similar to 980nm. Emission of the red light from the UCNPs activate the photosensitizer protoporphyrin (PpIX), causing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing the death of targeted tumor.