Fragile video watermarking algorithm based on H.264/AVC

In this paper, a fragile video watermarking algorithm for H.264/AVC is proposed. Watermark information is embedded in the video frame by modulating the horizontal or vertical component of the motion vector difference (MVD). In order to reduce the visual degradation in video, the watermark is embedded into the larger absolute value of the residual component according to the direction of the movement. This scheme could detect the watermark rapidly. Watermark extraction merely needs to decode the motion information instead of decoding the entire video, which meets the requirement of the real time processing of video. Simulation results show that the algorithm brings very small bit rate changes and video distortion, and has a good fragility which can be used for the video authentication or covert communication applications.