Density functional theory of electrolyte solutions in slit-like nanopores I. The RFD/WCA approach extended to non-restricted primitive model

An extended reference fluid density approach/weighted correlation approximation (RFD/WCA) of density functional theory (DFT) is tested for the description of the non-restricted primitive model of electrolyte solutions in slit-like nanopores. The RFD/WCA approach of modeling size-asymmetric ions is validated by reproducing the density and electrostatic potential profiles of planar electrical double layer systems in the presence of mixtures of mono- and multivalent ions. The results from the DFT agree quite well with Monte Carlo simulations and satisfy the contact density sum rules of ionic fluid under a wide range of conditions. These findings suggest that a generic RFD/WCA approach can be formulated within the framework of the restricted and non-restricted primitive model to further investigate the swelling and ion exchange of clay minerals. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.