Experimental Investigation of Wind-Induced Torsional Loads on a Low-Rise Building

Non-uniformity of wind loading creates torsional loads on buildings. The torsional loads can significantly modify the distribution of wind-induced forces and need to be addressed in design. This paper presents results of a large-scale experimental study conducted at the Wall of Wind facility of the Florida International University. Torsional loads on a low-rise building were investigated under different opening configurations, and global forces estimated by using pressure taps and load cell measurements were compared. The results showed that the highest global shear forces in the x-direction (normal to the building's long side) and the highest torsional loads are produced by cornering winds, and that more than 80% of the maximum shear force in that direction and the highest torsional load can occur simultaneously. The shear force in the y-direction was more sensitive to pressure-tap density than the shear force in the x-direction. Single and multiple openings in the building were observed to have minimal effects on wind-induced torsional load for most wind directions.