Correlation of plasma vitamin D levels with coronary collateral circulation

Introduction: In patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO), adequate coronary collateral circulation (CCC) supports myocardial tissue versus ischemia. Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis and other chronic diseases, including type 1 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome and ischemic heart disease. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated whether coronary CTO is associated with serum levels of vitamin D and CCC. Patients and Methods: Around 216 patients with coronary CTO at coronary angiography were incorporated in this investigation. Serum 25(OH)D level and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum creatinine, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), were assessed before angiography. Patients were divided into a poor coronary collateral circulation group (Rentrop grades 0-1) or good coronary collateral circulation group (Rentrop grades 2-3). Results: A total of 216 patients (mean age 61.48 +/- 9.5 years) were included in this study. Regression analysis results displayed that serum 25(OH)D level had a significant correlation with CCC according to Rentrop scoring system (P < 0.0001). We also found that variables such as gender (P = 0.05), HDL-C (P = 0.01) and serum creatinine (P = 0.05) were a predictor for CCC. This model described 33% of the CCC's variance in the study patients. Besides, in the analysis of clinical levels of vitamin D, it can be stated that the probability of having a high degree of Rentrop criterion in the patients with adequate level of vitamin D is 24.5 times higher than the patients with vitamin D deficiency (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study emphasize the importance of informing patients with CTO commonly associated with serum vitamin D level.