An energy approach to predict cleavage fracture under non-proportional loading

The paper provides an energy approach to predict cleavage fracture under non-proportional loading. It is based on an energy minimization and uses a notch model to represent the crack. An energy based cleavage criterion is defined. Validation is conducted in the context of two European programmes, showing that the approach accounts for both shallow crack and warm pre-stress effects. All these results are analyzed and discussed by referring to the classical Beremin model. This approach can be seen as a simple extension of the classical. J approach, providing a tool of common and practical use for engineers. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.