Synthesis Conditions Optimization of Lithium Vanadium as Cathode Materials for Lithium-ion Battery by Sol-Gel Method

LiV3O8 was prepared by sol-gel method as cathode material with ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) and acetic acid lithium (LiAc center dot 2H(2)O) as raw materials, citric acid (C8H8O7 center dot H2O) as chelating agent, and the synthesis conditions of cathode materials were optimized. The synthesized cathode materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on its crystal structure, surface morphology and electrochemical properties. The results show that the best optimal synthesis conditions of lithium vanadium cathode materials was obtained, i.e. the pH value of the precursor solution was 3, the sintering temperature was 450 C and the sintering time was 15 h. Charge-discharge tests indicate that the discharge capacities in the 1st and 50th cycles were 269.4 and 220.9 mAh.g(-1) with charge retention of 82% at a charge-discharge rate of 0.1 C in the voltage range of 1.8 similar to 4.0 V. The electrochemical performance of LiV3O8 cathode material is excellent.