Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii serodiagnosis in human immunodeficiency virus carriers

Introduction: Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii belong to the Sarcocystidae family, and both have one definitive and various intermediary hosts. Owing to their weak immune systems, immunocompromised persons might be prone to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies in immunocompromised individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the rates of N. caninum and T. gondii, as assessed using immunofluorescent antibody reaction (IFAT) with 1:50 and 1:16 dilution, respectively, in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Results: The seropositivity for N. caninum was 26.1% (81/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 31.2% (10/32) in Parana and for T. gondii was 76.8% (238/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 68.7% (22/32) in Parana. Conclusions:There is evidence of anti-N caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies in patients with HIV. Other aspects of T. gondii, which is a zoonosis, and N. caninum, which might affect immunodeficient individuals, need to be evaluated and reported.