EADD: Energy Aware Directed Diffusion for Wireless Sensor Networks

The most important element of Wireless Sensor Networks technologies is energy efficiency. When we design network protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks, we should consider duplicate messages. We can achieve the goal of energy efficiency as reducing duplicate packets. Directed Diffusion is one of the energy efficient routing protocols. It selects one reinforced path from source to destination and then forward data packets through that route instead of forwarding broadcast packets. But it doesn't worry about available energy of each sensor nodes. Sensor nodes have not enough energy. It allows nodes stop more quickly as using only the fastest path. It cause unbalanced life cycle of the nodes. Consequently, we need to consider available energy of sensor nodes. In this paper we propose EADD: Energy Aware Directed Diffusion for Wireless Sensor Networks. This scheme changes the node's forwarding moment that depends on each node's available energy. EADD allows the nodes to response more quickly than the nodes which have lower available energy. This scheme is very simple so that it can be adapted to any forwarding strategies for routing protocols of wireless sensor networks. EADD is helpful to achieve balanced nodes' energy distribution and extension of network life cycle.