Technical feasibility of CO2 flooding in Weyburn reservoir - A laboratory investigation

Miscible or near-miscible flooding with CO2 or hydrocarbon gases will significantly increase, and extend the production life of, Saskatchewan light and medium oil reserves. These pools are approaching their economic limit of production under conventional technology (primary and secondary recovery methods). Responding to industry needs, a comprehensive study by Saskatchewan Research Council is assessing the suitability of the CO2 flooding process for reservoirs in southeast Saskatchewan. This paper presents the details of a laboratory study to evaluate the applicability of CO2 flooding for a southeast Saskatchewan reservoir, Weyburn. The evaluation is based on the measurement of CO2 minimum miscibility pressure for the Weyburn reservoir fluid, of PVT properties for reservoir fluid-CO2 mixtures, and of oil recovery behaviour from coreflood tests conducted in the near-miscible region. Laboratory studies showed that the tertiary CO2 injection at over 12 MPa into the waterflooded reservoir is expected to produce miscible flooding conditions. At this pressure of injection, over 60 mol % CO2 was dissolved in the reservoir fluid. This reduced the viscosity of the fluid nearly fourfold to 0.70 mPa.s and swelled the oil about 45%. Coreflood studies indicated that the microscopic displacement efficiency of the process increased with injection pressure in the near-miscible region. It is believed that the geology of the Weyburn reservoir will prove advantageous for near-miscible operation. However, this aspect needs to be further investigated.